Which of the following is NOT a way to create and administer data security policies?

The correct answer highlights that a role that has no granted actions does not constitute a method for creating and administering data security policies. The essence of data security policies within an organization is to define what users can see and do with the data. A role, by its nature, is meant to encapsulate permissions that govern access and actions on data. If a role lacks any granted actions, it essentially does not serve any purpose in managing data security, as it neither restricts nor allows access to any information.

In contrast, the other options each represent valid components for forming data security policies. Actions performed on database records can include various operations such as read, write, or delete—these define what can be done with the data. A role provisioned with specific users establishes who has access to roles and the associated actions, thereby playing a crucial role in data governance. Lastly, a rule that defines row instances specifies which rows of data are visible to users based on their assigned roles, adding another layer to data security policy administration. Each of these options actively contributes to the framework of data security within an organization, making them vital in contrast to a role with no granted actions.